Human Cloning2 essays

Human Cloning2 essays I have observed in my nineteen years of living that almost everyone in this society strives to be the same or like the popular culture. The average person is very materialistic, and strives for an appealing physical appearance. Artificiality is common in the popular culture. For example, dying of hair color, inserting color contacts, getting lyposuction, implants or removal of flaws on the body is prevalent. I strongly oppose human cloning primarily because I believe that humans already try to replicate themselves enough and having the same genes is not necessary. Plus, just because there may be two identical beings doesnt mean that they will behave the same. In this essay will explain how cloning is achieved, the benefits and dangers of human cloning, address my views on genetic discrimination, policies that I suggest to prevent abuses of genetic engineering, and why an exact clone an never be carried out. First, I will discuss how cloning is made possible. After several attempts, Professor Ian Wilmat and his partners successfully cloned "Dolly". Cloning is a very intricate process and it requires special equipment and modern technology. To begin, a cell is removed from the organism that is going to be replicated, also known as the donor. The cell is extracted by an incision in the skin, a sample of blood or even a piece of the actual skin. Next, the second reproductive cell is taken from the female organism. The entire deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is removed from the nucleus. (DNA contains all the information of heredity.) A small a mount of DNA is also removed from the donors cell nucleus. At this time, the donors DNA is forced into the second cells nucleus. This allows the two cells to be synonymous in terms of genes and DNA. Fussion is used to combine the two cells. At this point the carrier must be found, if it is not already present. The carrier is the female that wishes or is willing to give birth to the cloned baby....

Everything You Need to Know About F. Scott Fitzgerald

Everything You Need to Know About F. Scott Fitzgerald SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Curious about the man who created The Great Gatsby? Did you know that some of the events of this novel are actually based on things that happened to F. Scott Fitzgerald himself? This articlewillgive you a broad overview of Fitzgerald’s life, with a focus onthe autobiographical details that he laterworkedinto The Great Gatsby. Use this background on The Great Gatsby authorto further deepen your understanding of the novel, to connect it with the historical period that it's describing, and to better analyze the motivations of the characters. Fitzgerald’sEarly Life: Echoes of TheGreat Gatsby Fitzgerald was born in St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1896.When he was 15, Fitzgerald was sentto the Newman School, a prestigious boarding school in New Jersey. He stayed on theEast Coast to attend Princeton University, an Ivy League school. Fitzgerald was popular at Princeton. He did lots of creative writing for various student publications, including articles for the Princeton Tiger humor magazine and scripts for Triangle Club musicals. However, Fitzgerald’s extracurricular commitments caused him to neglect his studies, and even be placed on academic probation. Traveling home to St. Paul fromPrinceton in 1915, Fitzgerald met socialite Ginevra King. Beautiful, wealthy, and effortlessly charming, Ginevra was arguably the primary inspiration for Daisy Buchanan. Indeed, a recentlyunveiled collection of letters reveals how much Ginevracared for Scott, but alsoknew that she couldn’t marry a middle-class boy.In 1917, Fitzgerald dropped out of Princeton completely to join the army and fight in World War I (although he never actually saw action). A year later, Ginevra King wrote him a letter to tell him that she was engaged to marry another man. Fitzgerald was stationed inCamp Sheridan near Montgomery, Alabama. That’s where he met and fell in love with Zelda Sayre, the daughter of an Alabama Supreme Court judge. Zelda was another popular socialite, a free spirit who loved dancing, swimming, and partying. She also cared for Fitzgerald,but, like Ginevra, was wary of marrying a middle-class man without much money. The war ended in 1918 before Fitzgeraldwas ever deployed to Europe. He moved to NYC hoping to have a successful career in advertising and make enough money to convince Zelda to marry him. A few months later, hewent back to St. Paul to work on anovel. He also took a job repairing car roofs to help pay the bills. Fitzgerald's first novel, This Side of Paradise, published in 1920, was a semi-autobiographical account of his Princeton years, featuring the main character Amory Blaine, who is rejected by two wealthy girls. The novel was an overnight success, making 24-year-old Fitzgeraldone of the country’s most promising young writers. With his novel published and income assured, Scott married Zelda in NYC. They had a daughter named Frances soon after, in 1921, who would be their only child. Zelda remarked upon her birth â€Å"I hope she’s a fool, a beautiful little fool." Scott loved his new celebrity status and started living a really expensive lifestyle, which included lots of partying and traveling. In October 1922, the Fitzgeralds moved to Great Neck, a town on Long Island which served as the inspiration for West Egg in The Great Gatsby. Their neighbors were alsowealthy, famous, and veryâ€Å"new money.† Their contrast to the families in Port Washington, which sat across the bay from Great Neck, gave Fitzgerald the idea for the contrast between West Egg and East Egg in the novel. Ginevra King (left) and Zelda Fitzgerald (right) Biographical Similarities to Events in The Great Gatsby Like Fitzgerald, the novel's narrator Nick Carraway also grows up in the Midwest and then goes to college to an East Coast Ivy League school (although in Nick's case, it's Yale). Fitzgerald wrote for humorous publications at Princeton, while Nickdescribes aseries of â€Å"solemn and obvious editorials for the Yale News† (1.12). Gatsby's initial romance with Daisy is almost exactly what happened to Fitzgerald and Ginevra King. Gatsby meets Daisy Fay, a wealthy socialite, is unable to marry her because he is too poor, and leaves to fight in WWI only to have her marry Tom Buchanan. However, the way that Gatsby meets Daisy is similar to the way Fitzgerald met Zelda - while stationed at a military camp awaiting transfer orders to Europe. Unlike Nick and Jay, Fitzgerald never actually experienced fighting in WWI. After the war, Fitzgerald spent several months in New York trying to make it in the advertising business before coming back to St. Paul to write. Similarly, Nick spends a summer in New York trying to make it as a bond trader before coming back to the Midwest to write his memoir about Gatsby. Fitzgerald worked as a car mechanic while writing his first novel, which may have given him some insight into what George Wilson's life might be like. Zelda's comment on the birth of Frances Fitzgerald became one of Daisy Buchanan’s most famous lines in The Great Gatsby almost verbatim: "I'm glad it's a girl. And I hope she'll be a fool - that's the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool." (1.8) Fitzgerald's life on Long Island had shades of Gatsby's parties and extravagant lifestyle, as well as his feelings of inferiority when thinking about the old money crowd across the bay in East Egg. Remember: art only imitates, but doesn't duplicate life. The High Life: Writing The Great Gatsby Fitzgerald continued to work on his novels in between partying and writing short stories. In 1922, he published his second novel, The Beautiful and the Damned, about a socialite waiting to come into his fortune. This novel, with its meditations on morality, love, and decadence, officially marked Fitzgerald as one of the great writers of the wealth, ambition, and extravagance of the Jazz Age. Fitzgerald began work on The Great Gatsby, his third novel, in June 1922. However, he was slowed down by debts, a move to the French Riviera, and conflicts with his wife. He really buckled down in 1924, telling his editor that Gatsby would be â€Å"a consciously artistic achievement† and a â€Å"purely creative work.† During thisperiod, Fitzgerald fell in with a famous group of modernists in Paris, including the novelist Ernest Hemingway and writer Gertrude Stein. The Great Gatsby was finally published in 1925. Despite Fitzgerald’s efforts, it was not as warmly received by critics as his previous two novels. It also failed to take off commercially. (Read our history of The Great Gatsbyfor more on how Gatsby was received in the 1920s.) End of Life: Fitzgerald's Unraveling After the publication of The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald suffered from alcoholism, something he had struggled with since Princeton, and writer’s block. Meanwhile, Zelda suffered from mental health problems and was often institutionalized. (She was diagnosed as schizophrenic, though many modern historians believe she could have also suffered from bipolar disorder.) In 1934, Fitzgerald finally published Tender is the Night, his fourth novel, about an American psychiatrist living in Paris. He continued to struggle with alcoholism and depression. In 1937, he moved to Hollywood to be a screenwriter and revive his career. Though he madesome money, he was never a critical success (there aren’t any must-see Fitzgerald films). Fitzgerald began the novel Love of the Last Tycoon while in Hollywood but died in 1940, at age 44, from a heart attack, before he could finish it. An unfinished version was eventually published in 1941. What to Take From the Life ofThe Great GatsbyAuthor If you’ve already read The Great Gatsby, you’ll notice pretty big parallels in the story to Fitzgerald’s real life: the Midwestern upbringing and education of Nick, with the military experience and love life of Gatsby. Fitzgerald makes Nick Carraway the narrator, not Gatsby. This may suggest that Fitzgerald saw himself as someone like Nick – someone observing a much more extravagant lifestylefrom the outside, rather than participating like Gatsby. It’s also important to understand Gatsby was written during the precarious peak of Fitzgerald’s life – while he was famous and living an extravagant lifestyle but before the most serious struggles with alcoholism, depression, and debt. You can't really tie any of Fitzgerald’s (or Zelda’s) most intense struggles with alcoholism or mental illness to Gatsby – you’d have to focus on Tender is the Night or Love of the Last Tycoon to do that. Instead, Gatsby is the book that came at the height of the 1920s and Fitzgerald’s life before he began to seriously struggle with alcoholism and depression – but it still has a melancholy undertone that strongly hints at the struggles to come. Further Reading Biography.com: Get a more detailed overview of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s life, especially the later years. The New York Times: A feature that explores Scott and Zelda’s connection to Long Island and the possible Gatsby mansion inspiration. Princeton Alumni Weekly: Read more about Ginevra King, the possible inspiration for Daisy. What’s Next? Learn more about how The Great Gatsby was received when it first came out, and also read up about the 1920s so you can understand the economic, political, and cultural context of Gatsby. Excited to dive in? Check out our articles onGatsby’s title, its opening pages and epigraph, and itsfirst chapter. Or, zoom out first toa summary of The Great Gatsby, along with links to all ourgreat articles analyzing this novel! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Stabilo Company Report and Events Recommendations Coursework

Stabilo Company Report and Events Recommendations - Coursework Example The company’s culture is exemplified through their dedication in producing ground-breaking products and maintaining standards in their production processes. Stabilo has introduced the first colored copying pencil to the market, and has been a household name for the past 150 years. Unlike most companies, Schwan Stabilo allows its individual units to work independently in coming up with their own campaigns and events. Being a diversified company, under the Stabilo umbrella will be cosmetics, writing instruments and outdoor products. The company believes that within the individual units of its businesses, not only should each unit be independent but must also be initiative as well as innovative. The management, they believe, is not there to make remote decisions but is responsible for ensuring that the variety of corporate activities are according to the declared strategy and to ensure individual units will not be waylaid.Recently, the Schwan Stabilo group of companies declared t heir new mission to conserve raw material resources. The company plans to keep their carbon dioxide emissions into the environment be kept as minimal as possible during their production processes as part of their contribution to the environment.By collaborating with the international writing instrument company â€Å"Stabilo†, which is still under the same company umbrella, the company developed a tube that is 98% made from polypropylene waste. Polypropylene has been used in the medical technology and filter technology and after which.

Definition and Meaning of Leadership Research Paper

Definition and Meaning of Leadership - Research Paper Example Moreover, Kurt Lewin defined leadership as the "manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people" (271-299). In the Army, leadership is defined as "influencing people by providing purpose, direction, motivation while operating to accomplish the mission and improving the organization." According to Patterns of Aggressive Behaviours, there was a group of researchers that identified different styles of leadership (271-299). Lewin's study recognized there major styles of leadership that have been very influential: 1) autocratic, 2) democratic, and 3) delegate. Groups of school children were allotted to one or three groups where researchers have observed their behaviors in response to the different styles of leadership. The autocratic or authoritarian leadership is well applied to conditions where there is limited time for group decision-making and the leader is the most educated and experienced member of the group (Lewin, 271-299). There is a clear distinction between the role of the leader and the followers. Authoritarian leaders make independent decisions with very little or no input from the rest of the group of what needs to be done when it should be done, and how it should be done. Thus, it was concluded by researchers that decision-making in authoritarian leadership was less creative. Lewin stated that moving from an authoritarian style to a democratic style is more difficult than vice versa. The abuse of this kind of leadership is viewed as controlling, bossy and dictatorial. The authoritarian style is usually used by leaders when employees need close supervision to carry out certain tasks. It occurs when leaders tell their employees what they want doing and accomplished, without getting the opinion of their followers. According to Lewin, participative leadership or the democratic kind, on the other hand, has a leader who encourages group members to participate and give their inputs (271-299). Lewin observed that members of the participative group were less productive than the members of the authoritarian group through the inputs were of higher quality and the members feel much more motivated and creative. A participative leadership style is where the leader, including one or more employees, are engaged in the decision-making process. Normally, this happens when the leader has a part of the information and the employees have the other parts. The leader and the employees work closely together to accomplish certain tasks. However, the leader maintains the final decision-making authority which the employees must learn to respect. Â  

Of Mice and men Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and men Essay Memories? Yeah, Ive had plenty, seen men come an go on this ranch, so many I cant hardly remember them, but two stick in my mind like it was only yesterday, but must be near on twenty years ago oh Im Slim, I lead the mule team, sure does beat busting a gut bucking barley now where was I? Yeah, thats right these two guys Came in one Friday, Boss was sure mad cos they were late. Youve never seen such an odd pair George, he was small, neat, quick witted but Lennie, my was he huge! Funny thing was his name was Small! He was like a great bear and he wasnt too clever either. Funny how he and George strung along together. Anyway, they come in Friday, Boss had been given us hell all mornin! I was out on the fields when they came out. Candy was with them and seemed to be showing them around the barn. Lennie seemed excited bout somethin. George came over and introduced them, Hi, Im George and this big fella here is Lennie. Lennie then tried whispered something to George but I heard every word, George, George, ask him bout dem dogs, please George? George looked a bit embarrassed. Candy tells us you got some new born pups. If theres one goin spare, you reckon Lennie could have it? George asked. Yeah sure you can Lennie, I said Come by the barn later and you can pick one out. He went all shy, with a smile from ear to ear, almost like a little kid. Lennie came down to the barn after he had finshed buckin, he sure was on hell of a worker, and he picked out his Pup. I tried to explain that he shouldnt be taken out of the box , but the big bastard didnt take no notice of it, ha, gawd he must have been the stupidest guy I have ever met. Now where was I oh right, so Lennie had got his Pup an it must have been dusk so we all headed back to the bunkhouse, and little did we know how much was gonna happen that night. We sorry my throats a lil dry, could ya pour us a drink? Cheers. Ah, thats better. Anyway, me and George were headed back to the bunkhouse and I started talkin to George bout Lennie, He sure is some worker, aint he? I mean when you said he were a good worker, I thought you meant he just didnt complain, but by golly, he must have beat every bucker on the ranch, with one hand! George chuckled. If only he wasnt so stupid I could be livin a dream. He said and looked in to the stars. So, how come you travel with him, I mean I aint never seen no-one that looks out for anyone as much as you look out for him. He looked a lil taken back by that but he simply answered, I promised his aunt I would look after him, an by god Ive had too. But he will do anything I tell him too, George started to smile, I once told him too jump in a river, and I knew he couldnt swim but he still did it and nearly drowned cos o me. Ever since then I havent done anything to him that might hurt him. He stared into the ground, almost as if he regretted doin that to him. I broke the silence, So, how come youve ended up here? I asked. He didnt want to tell me, I could tell by his face, but I think he new that he could trust me. You wont tell no-one, will ya? He asked Course I wont I replied Well He started off, We were working in weed, and Lennie was settin under some trees havin a break cos we had finished our morning load in an hour and a half. He smiled with a great sense of pride, Then one of the bosss daughters came over and started talkin to him, and the stupid bastard ended up touchin her dress and the dumbass didnt let go. The daughter ended up shoutin Rape, rape! everyone looked over and saw a girl strugglin with a guys hands all over her. I literally had to smack the big guy to get him off her. We then had to run for a lives. We ended up squatin in a river in some reeds. They went straight past us an never saw us, but there still after us. Luckily I think thats about 100 miles away, thank god. He sighed with relief. Lennie then brought this puppy into the bunkhouse, George, George look at da puppy, Slim gave it to me. George turned aroun and went psycho at him, Lennie, you dumb bastard! You gotta leave the pup in the box with its mum other wise your gonna kill im! Do you wanna kill him? Do ya? Lennie cowered away into the corner. Of course not George. Ill put him back straight away now, He ran out, an nearly hit his head on the top door, ha. Candy then cam in the bunkhouse. He was an old guy, busted his arm and had to stay there, or so he said. He came in with his dog, which wouldnt be so bad, but the old thing stank. Carlson, one of the buckers, offered Candy an option, You should shoot that old dog, Candy. I mean hes no good to any of us. Candy looked at his dog, I couldnt shoot him, Candy said, Ive had him since he was a pup Why dont I shoot him then? Carlson asked, Ye, Ill take him out to the forest and jus shoot him in the back of his head. He wont feel a thing, I swear. Your probably puttin him through more torture keepin him alive than shootin him. A tear was wellin up in Candy. This pup was his only friend. Candy relented and Carlson took the dog and you then heard a shot in the distance. We all looked at Candy, he was starin at the wall. I offered him a new puppy but he didnt answer. Crooks, the niggah entered and told me tha Lennie was messin with the pups. George looked at me and told me to kick him out if hes causin trouble. I went off and made sure he werent doin nothin stupid. Well stupid even for him. I was in the stables, makin sure all the pups were alrigh after Lennie had been messin with em, when Curley came stormin in, shoutin something bout his wife. I didnt want notin to do with it so I went to the bunkhouse but he kept on about how his wife is always sneakin off without his permission, and how he suspected me of havin an affair with his bitch. Ha, if I ever had an affair, it would be with Marilyn Monroe rather than that tart. I went into the bunkhouse and he still wouldnt let it drop so I said to him, Curley, I would never even think about touchin your bitch, cos I dont like that type of tart. All then men a fallin bout laughin and joined in with havin a lil dig at Curley. Sadly though, Lennie was smiling about something, he was in his own lil world, but Curley saw him an thought he was laughin at him. What are you laughin bout you yellow bellied bastard? Curley was squarein up to him and Lennie didnt know what to do. You bastard! Curley smashed the poor fella round the face and knocked him over. Lennie just stood up and did nothing bout it. He looked at George and was screamin at him to make Curley stop. I knew George didnt want no trouble so he kept quiet, but Curley was smashin Lennies head in. Then suddenly George screamed, Get im Lennie! Get im! Then Lennie switched, he grabbed Curleys hand and just squeezed, looked as if he was killin the bastard. George was smackin im tellin im to let go but he wouldnt budge. Lennie had im about 2 ft off the ground. We had to pull the big fella off of Curley. I went over to see Curleys hand and Lennie had jus disintegrated the bone, twas jus skin, not a bone in it. I knew that George and Lennie would get their asss busted for this so I thought Id have a heart to heart wit Curley, I said, If this gets out, Lennies gonna get canned for it. But your reputation as a tough guy will be ruined as well. Now if you say your hand was caught in a machine, then we will say that too, but if you dont, we will ruin your reputation til nobodys gonna be scared o you, you got that? He nodded his head, whilst screamin, and I told the guys to take him to doctors fast. That, thank God, was the end of that night. The next day, notin too much happened. We went into town and Candy, Crooks and Lennie stayed at the ranch. Thankfully that was all that happen that day. Next day was the horseshoe tournament. I never used to be that good at them, but they sure were good fun. Crooks did tell me that Lennie was looking at his pup, but not doin anthin to harm em. We had jus finished the tournament and George went to get som water. He came back, but didnt look to good. I was jus gonna ask him if hes alrigh but then Candy came out of the stables waving his arms bout screamin that somthin had happened to Curleys wife. We all went to see what was wrong, and it werent a pretty site. She was layin on the hay, at first ya thought she were sleepin, but then ya noticed her neck was bent in a bad way. Curley didnt look much sad, more angry then shouted, Im gonna kill the son o a bitch! Everyone started to get agitated and some people started shoutin, Lets get im, and Ill go get ma gun! George had gone real pale and Curley said to im, Your gonna stick wit me, so I don think you were involved, alrigh? George nodded. Curley told Crooks to get all the horses ready, seemed like it were a search party. Well it was but not the usual search party, it was more o a search an kill sorta party. Me, Curley, Carlson and George headed south whilst the others headed west, jus in case. I knew George knew where Lennie was, an we strayed away from Curley and co.. We ended up near this river and George said hell go in alone. I stood by some trees an saw everythin that happened. George went up to Lennie, pulled out Carlsons luger and told Lennie to look out toward the horizon. Lennie was smiling talkin to himself I think, George looked hesitant but found som courage and pulled the trigger. Lennie fell down the bank, and jus lay there. George walked over and didnt look to good. Curley and Carlson came over, makin up som story to tell the others. But I knew that George didnt wanna have to shoot Lennie, so I went and had a chat wit him. I simply said, It had to be done. He looked at me, and seemed glad that someone had said that to him, but still looked troubled. We got back to the ranch an everyone wanted to know what happened. Carlson was leading the story, and half of werent even real. The next couple o days was hard on George. He seemed to be in a completely different world, starin into space. He did get over it though, took him a couple o weeks, and he turned back to the ol George. God, that weekend was the longest weekend I have ever had.

Parenting in Haydn Middletons The Lie of The Land :: Haydn Middleton The Lie of The Land

Parenting in Haydn Middleton's The Lie of The Land There are many different ways to read The Lie of The Land, by Haydn Middleton. The subjects that can be approached in LOL are many, as is the different ways in which these subjects can be approached. We will look at this novel from a parental standpoint and look into the book and see the different aspects of parenting that Middleton incorporated into this novel. There are two main parental figures in this novel, David Nennius's wife, Melissa, and his mother, Mary. There were many themes that kept showing up with these two mothers. Middleton created two mother figures that landed in the same position, being a single parent, though through very different circumstances. Both mothers also had to move from a situation to protect their children. Neither of the boys knew their father, and both fathers were of questionable morals, one father being a rapist while the other father was a murderer. The themes mentioned above all flow together into one after reading The Lie of The Land. It is difficult to separate them because of how well Middleton sewed this story together, even though it is a story within a story. Therefore, the first two points of the women being single mothers and then moving to protect their children must go together. It is fascinating that Middleton chose to make both of these women single mothers. He created conflicts that forced both women to move their children to a safe place. Mary of course was almost forced into being a single parent because she chose to submit to the intruder rather than fight him, but it was her choice to submit. Mary could have fought him, but then there would have been no Nennius and therefore no story. Mary knew she had to move to protect her child as well as herself Being put into the time period of 20730 years ago, a child out of wedlock would have ostracized her and her son, so she did move out of necessity. Melissa made her choice to be a single mother by not seeing Nennius's side of what happened in the restroom (p. 192-194). As a person, let alone a parent, I feel most people could understand and even appreciate the reaction that Nennius had. I was applauding his reaction. Melissa was not so pleased, so chose to make herself a single parent for some time.

Teen Pregnancy by de Anthony Hall

The numbers of teen pregnancy are rapidly increasing due to mainly unsafe sexual behavior. Without the use of the protection, not only one STD’s a threat, but pregnancy hit hand. Teenagers these days take for granted the materials available to avoid getting into these predicaments. They do not realize at the moment the situations and consequences they would have while they are just living in the moment. How can society prevent the growing rate of teen pregnancy and help those who do become pregnant?Teen pregnancy is closely linked to a host of other critical social issues — poverty and income, overall child well-being, out-of-wedlock births, responsible fatherhood, health issues, education, child welfare, and other risky behavior. There are also substantial public costs associated with adolescent childbearing. Consequently, teen pregnancy should be viewed not only as a reproductive health issue, but as one that works to improve all of these measures.Simply put, if more children in this country were born to parents who are ready and able to care for them, we would see a significant reduction in a host of social problems afflicting children in the United States, from school failure and crime to child abuse and neglect. (www. thenationalcampaign. org) As a teen, finding out that you are pregnant is a life-changing and scary event. As a parent, finding out your teen is pregnant can both shock you and cause despair as you wonder, now what? Before this ever happens, you can help your teen learn important lessons on how to prevent teen pregnancy.Unfortunately, teen pregnancy is a nationwide problem. However, there are programs set up through the government and other organizations aimed at prevention. (www. pregnantteenhelp. org) In the United States, about one third of all births in recent years have been to unmarried women. Of teenagers who become pregnant, 26% have abortions, 22% marry before childbirth, and 52% have out-of-wedlock births, resulting in single-pregnant families (Eshleman and Bulcroft 2006). The rate of births to teenagers in the United States is among the highest in the world at 45. births per 1,000 females in the 15-to-19 age group (Health in Schools 2002), but since 1991 the rate has been dropping slowing with a 45% drop for African Americans teens. Society could help prevent the growing rate of teen pregnancy and help those who do become pregnant by opening up more health clinics, household and stability, and sex education. A health clinic is an excellent way to prevent teen pregnancy. They could give you the items a teen need to help prevent pregnancy. Such as condoms, birth control, and monthly check ups. Another way to prevent teen pregnancy is household and stability.If teens communicated with their parents this would be another great way to prevent pregnancy because they would teens would be comfortable talking to their parents about sex and what’s the consequences if they do chooses to have sex as a teen. Lastly, sex education is one of the best ways to prevent teen pregnancy. If teens have the information about sex and having kids, they would not want to have any sexual actives. They would learn about birth, STD’s, and the consequences of having a child being a teen. Such as trying to raise the child, health care, money, and support from family or friends.Teens that get pregnant sometimes don’t think about what’s going to happen in the long run. Most teens want have kids because they think it’s cool or popular, but not thinking they are hurting themselves. By their education because if you have a child coming out of high school you may don’t continue your education and go to college and that’s the last thing a new born needs a parent with no education. I believe that teen pregnancy is not the right choice in life because teens shouldn’t try to be adults at an early age because the lack of support.Teens should have the proper e ducation by graduating from high school and going to a university or a higher level education. Teen parents can’t rely on the government to support them their whole life. Now in the year 2010, teens are having children and can’t take care of themselves. Some are living off their parents and I believe that they are hurting their life. It’s mainly teens coming from urban areas. To prevent teen pregnancy I would seek help. I would go to the health clinic, talk to my parents, and make sure I have safe sex. I wish that many people thought the same as me but I know some people are against abortion and prolife.

Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay

For the American writer Nathaniel Hawthorne the most explored theme of all his writings is the imperfect spirituality of man and the pervasiveness of sin throughout creation. Both of the stories under analysis here, Young Goodman Brown and The Minister’s Black Veil, feature a young reverend as the central character of the work and a Puritanical community in New England as the setting. Both of the tales are allegories centered on the ambiguity of human spirituality and on the ubiquity of sin in creation. Young Goodman Brown is an allegory about the deep mystery of sin, for which the author makes use of all available suggestive elements, from the setting- a deep and gloomy forest in New England, to the characters and their symbolic names- Goodman, an obvious hint at â€Å"good man†, and Faith, an equally transparent hint at religious faith, to other symbolic elements such as the staff resembling a wrinkled serpent, obviously the serpent in the Garden of Eden. Hawthorne approaches the idea of sin in his allegorical usual way, with conspicuous Biblical allusions, but also with deep psychological insight into the character’s soul and mind. He delves profoundly into human consciousness and the life of the mortal soul, highlighting the permanent conflicts between virtue and sin. In Young Goodman Brown we follow the main character on his intricate course through the dark and gloomy forest, reminding us of the Garden of Eden, and we are confronted with the grim temptations of sin in a vague, confusing setting, where the line dividing-line between dream and reality becomes very thin. It is Hawthorne’s own choice to leave the question as to whether the night’s confused events and the meeting of the community of witches was a dream or reality. Through this artifice, an essential problem is set forth- the result is that the reader has to wonder whether the sin and the fall into temptation belong to Goodman alone or whether the entire community is pervaded by sinfulness and immorality. The forest is thus a symbol for the human consciousness and for the spiritual life of man, and what Hawthorne undertakes to find out is whether everybody is actually lost on the paths of the spiritual, and which of the two –virtue or sin – is the true state of the spiritual life. Another important aspect is that in the midst of the gloominess of the forest meet for initiation into the lore of sinfulness, both the villagers who are commonly considered as virtuous and pious in everyday life, and are often set an example, and those members of the community who are normally viewed as sinners or criminals. Thus, the two main sides of spiritual life- virtue and sin are both mere appearances, whereas in the inner life of man they live together undisturbed. The Minister’s Black Veil is similar to Young Goodman Brown in many respects. Again, the centre of the story is the tormented consciousness of a young priest, who chooses to wear a symbolic black veil over his eyes, that prevents him from enjoying any kind of mortal happiness. In the end, the veil is seen as a symbol for the darkness and sinfulness that is hidden into the depths of human consciousness and that separates man from his fellows. As Goodman Brown typifies the average man, torn between virtue and sin, the minister in this story symbolizes the imperfect spirituality of man. The black veil that hides the face of the young priest is but the symbol of the outward representation of sin. According to Hawthorne, sin is inherent in the soul and is only veiled by the appearance of virtue. Sinfulness lies therefore deep within and separates all men from one another as the black veil separates the minister both from light and from communion with his fellows. Hawthorne therefore tackles mortal imperfection and the pervasive nature of sin in creation. Both stories emphasize the nature of human spirituality, at the very core of which sin and unlawfulness thrive.

the ethics of cloning essays

the ethics of cloning essays To Clone, Or Not To Clone? Did you ever imagine having a child that is the exact replica of you? Did you ever imagine of having the cure for heart disease or cancer? Well, these fantasies are not far from reach. The way we could reach these fantasies is through a process called cloning. Cloning is topic with which there is heated debate, and one that I feel that can be used for the better of all man kind. In this essay I will outline some of the key arguments and counter arguments surrounding this topic, as well as the advantages and the disadvantages. A very momentous argument opposing cloning is we are taking nature into our own hands by cloning animals or people. People question when we will draw the line for getting involved in natural events. Religious organizations consider nuclear transfer to cause men to be reproductively obsolete. This claim was deduced by gathering of the information that cloning requires only oocytes, any cell, and a woman to develop in. They also claim that cloning does not respect the fact that humans have souls. They also consider cloning unnatural, and say we are taking the work of God into our own hands. There is also a debate as to the moral rights of clones. Some say their rights will be defied because clones are not granted the birth of newness. That we would not receive clones with such excitement as a child of a couple who conceived naturally. If natural reproduction were to occur, genetic variation would occur. They say cloning would deprive a person of uniqueness. They argue that identical twins are not unique from each other, but that they are new in genetic variation and unique. People also wonder what mental and emotional problems would result if a clone were to find out that he or she was cloned. A major problem with the use of cloning on a large is scale is the decline in genetic diversity, and decline in gene pool. Think about it, if everyone has the same genetic material,...

The Permian-Triassic Extinction Event

The Permian-Triassic Extinction Event The Cretaceous-Tertiary (K/T) Extinctionthe global cataclysm that killed the dinosaurs 65 million years agogets all the press, but the fact is that the mother of all global extinctions was the Permian-Triassic (P/T) Event that transpired about 250 million years ago, at the end of the Permian period. Within the space of a million years or so, over 90 percent of the earths marine organisms were rendered extinct, along with more than 70 percent of their terrestrial counterparts. In fact, as far as we know, the P/T Extinction was as close as life has ever come to being completely wiped off the planet, and it had a profound effect on the plants and animals that survived into the ensuing Triassic period. (See a list of the Earths 10 Biggest Mass Extinctions.) Before getting to the causes of the Permian-Triassic Extinction, its worth examining its effects in closer detail. The hardest-hit organisms were marine invertebrates possessing calcified shells, including corals, crinoids and ammonoids, as well as various orders of land-dwelling insects (the only time we know of that insects, usually the hardiest of survivors, have ever succumbed to a mass extinction). Granted, this may not seem very dramatic compared to the 10-ton and 100-ton  dinosaurs that went defunct after the K/T Extinction, but these invertebrates dwelt close to the bottom of the food chain, with disastrous effects for vertebrates higher up the evolutionary ladder. Terrestrial organisms (other than insects) were spared the full brunt of the Permian-Triassic Extinction, only losing two-thirds of their numbers, by species and genera. The end of the Permian period witnessed the extinction of most plus-sized amphibians and sauropsid reptiles (i.e., lizards), as well as the majority of the therapsids, or mammal-like reptiles (the scattered survivors of this group evolved into the first mammals during the ensuing Triassic period). Most anapsid reptiles also disappeared, with the exception of the ancient ancestors of modern turtles and tortoises, like Procolophon. Its uncertain how much of an effect the P/T Extinction had on diapsid reptiles, the family from which crocodiles, pterosaurs and dinosaurs evolved, but clearly a sufficient number of diapsids survived to spawn these three major reptile families millions of years later. The Permian-Triassic Extinction Was a Long, Drawn-Out Event The severity of the Permian-Triassic Extinction stands in stark contrast to the leisurely pace at which it unfolded. We know that the later K/T Extinction was precipitated by the impact of an asteroid on Mexicos Yucatan Peninsula, which spewed millions of tons of dust and ash into the air and led, within a couple of hundred (or couple of thousand) years, to the extinction of dinosaurs, pterosaurs and marine reptiles worldwide. By contrast, the P/T Extinction was much less dramatic; by some estimates, this event actually spanned as much as five million years during the late Permian period. Further complicating our assessment of the P/T Extinction, many types of animals were already on the decline before this cataclysm started in earnest. For example, pelycosaursthe family of prehistoric reptiles best represented by Dimetrodonhad mostly disappeared off the face of the earth by the early Permian period, with a few straggling survivors succumbing millions of years later. The important thing to realize is that not all extinctions at this time can be directly attributed to the P/T Event; the evidence either way is constrained by which animals happen to be preserved in the fossil record. Another important clue, the importance of which has yet to be fully adduced, is that it took an unusually long time for the earth to replenish its previous diversity: for the first couple of million years of the Triassic period, the earth was an arid wasteland, practically devoid of life! What Caused the Permian-Triassic Extinction? Now we come to the million-dollar question: what was the proximate cause of the Great Dying, as the Permian-Triassic Extinction is called by some paleontologists? The slow pace with which the process unfolded points to a variety of interrelated factors, rather than a single, global catastrophe. Scientists have proposed everything from a series of major asteroid strikes (the evidence for which would have been erased by over 200 million years of erosion) to a calamitous change in ocean chemistry, perhaps caused by the sudden release of huge methane deposits (created by decaying microorganisms) from the bottom of the sea floor. The bulk of the recent evidence points to yet another possible culprita series of gigantic volcanic eruptions in the region of Pangea that today corresponds to modern-day eastern Russia (i.e., Siberia) and northern China. According to this theory, these eruptions released a huge amount of carbon dioxide into the earths atmosphere, which gradually leached down into the oceans. The disastrous effects were threefold: acidification of the water, global warming, and (most important of all) a drastic reduction in atmospheric and marine oxygen levels, which resulted in the slow asphyxiation of most marine organisms and many terrestrial ones. Could a disaster on the scale of the Permian-Triassic Extinction ever happen again? It may well be happening right now, but in super-slow-motion: the levels of carbon dioxide in the earths atmosphere are indisputably increasing, thanks partly to our burning of fossil fuels, and life in the oceans is beginning to be affected as well (as witness the crises facing coral reef communities around the world). Its unlikely that global warming will cause human beings to go extinct anytime soon, but the prospects are less sanguine for the rest of the plants and animals with which we share the planet!

Richter Magnitude Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Richter Magnitude - Essay Example Developed by Charles F. Richter in 1934, the scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake, with 0 being a very small earthquake that is generally not felt, going up to a magnitude 12, which would be like a large, miles-wide meteor hitting the earth's surface. The measurement formula in mathematical terms is "A is the amplitude, in millimeters, measured directly from the photographic paper record of the Wood-Anderson seismometer, a special type of instrument. The distance factor comes from a table that can be found in Richter's (1958) book Elementary Seismology," (Louie, J., 1996). The solution is the local magnitude of the earthquake. When measuring the magnitude of an earthquake, the difference between a magnitude seven and magnitude six earthquake is 10 times stronger, whereas the difference between a magnitude eight and magnitude six earthquake would be 100 times stronger. This is due to the logarithmic basis of the scale. "Each whole number increase in magnitude represents a tenfold increase in measured amplitude; as an estimate of energy, each whole number step in the magnitude scale corresponds to the release of about 31 times more energy than the amount associated with the preceding whole number value," (USGS, 1989). In America, many earthquakes tend to occur on the West Coast. ... An earthquake in a densely populated area which results in many deaths and considerable damage may have the same magnitude as a shock in a remote area that does nothing more than frighten the wildlife. Large-magnitude earthquakes that occur beneath the oceans may not even be felt by humans," (USGS, 1989). In the case of this earthquake in Alaska, most of the damage was due to landslides. In 1906 in San Francisco, California, an earthquake measuring 8.3 on the Richter Scale resulted in fires which caused more damage than the earthquake itself. (USGS, 1989) References Louis, J. (1996). Richter Magnitude. Seismo.unr.edu. Retrieved November 1, 2006 from http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/class/100/magnitude.html USGS. (1989). The Serverity of an Earthquake. US Government Printing Office. (1998-288-913). Retrieved November 1, 2006 from http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/earthq4/severitygip.html